Extensions Dmg
The icon represents an internal hard drive within a generic file icon. | |
Filename extension | .dmg, .smi, .img |
---|---|
Internet media type | application/x-apple-diskimage |
Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | com.apple.disk-image |
Developed by | Apple Inc. |
Type of format | Disk image |
- DMG is used for disk image files on Macintosh computers running Mac OS X. This file extension replaces the older file extension IMG which was discontinued during the release of later series of Mac operating systems. You can open DMG file on Mac, Linux, and Windows operating systems but it will require additional software to be installed on Windows.
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Apple Disk Image is a disk image format commonly used by the macOS operating system. When opened, an Apple Disk Image is mounted as a volume within the Macintosh Finder.
An Apple Disk Image can be structured according to one of several proprietary disk image formats, including the Universal Disk Image Format (UDIF) and the New Disk Image Format (NDIF). An Apple disk image file's name usually has '.dmg' as its extension.
- 3File format
Features[edit]
Apple Disk Image files are published with a MIME type of application/x-apple-diskimage.
Different file systems can be contained inside these disk images, and there is also support for creating hybrid optical media images that contain multiple file systems.[1] Some of the file systems supported include Hierarchical File System (HFS), HFS Plus, File Allocation Table (FAT), ISO9660 and Universal Disk Format (UDF).[1][2]
Apple Disk Images can be created using utilities bundled with Mac OS X, specifically Disk Copy in Mac OS X v10.2 and earlier and Disk Utility in Mac OS X v10.3 and later. These utilities can also use Apple disk image files as images for burning CDs and DVDs. Disk image files may also be managed via the command line interface using the hdiutil utility.[3]
In Mac OS X v10.2.3, Apple introduced Compressed Disk Images[4] and Internet-Enabled Disk Images for use with the Apple utility Disk Copy, which was later integrated into Disk Utility in 10.3. The Disk Copy application had the ability to display a multi-lingual software license agreement before mounting a disk image. The image will not be mounted unless the user indicates agreement with the license.[5]
An Apple Disk Image allows secure password protection as well as file compression, and hence serves both security and file distribution functions; such a disk image is most commonly used to distribute software over the Internet.
History[edit]
Apple originally created its disk image formats because the resource fork used by Mac applications could not easily be transferred over mixed networks such as those that make up the Internet. Even as the use of resource forks declined with Mac OS X, disk images remained the standard software distribution format. Apex legends dmg. Disk images allow the distributor to control the Finder's presentation of the window, which is commonly used to instruct the user to copy the application to the correct folder.
A previous version of the format, intended only for floppy disk images, is usually referred to as 'Disk Copy 4.2' format, after the version of the Disk Copy utility that was used to handle these images.[1] A similar format that supported compression of floppy disk images is called DART.[1][6]
New Disk Image Format (NDIF) was the previous default disk image format in Mac OS 9,[1] and disk images with this format generally have a .img (not to be confused with raw .img disk image files) or .smi file extension. Files with the .smi extension are actually applications that mount an embedded disk image, thus a 'Self Mounting Image', and are intended only for Mac OS 9 and earlier.[7][2]
Universal Disk Image Format (UDIF) is the native disk image format for Mac OS X. Disk images in this format typically have a .dmg extension.[1]
File format[edit]
Apple has not released any documentation on the format, but attempts to reverse engineer parts of the format have been successful. The encrypted layer was reverse engineered in an implementation called VileFault[8] (a spoonerism of FileVault).
Apple disk image files are essentially raw disk images (i.e. contain block data) with some added metadata, optionally with one or two layers applied that provide compression and encryption. In hdiutil these layers are called CUDIFEncoding and CEncryptedEncoding.[1]
UDIF supports ADC (an old proprietary compression format by Apple), zlib, bzip2 (as of Mac OS X v10.4), and LZFSE (as of Mac OS X v10.11)[9] compression internally.
Trailer[edit]
The trailer can be described using the following C structure.[10] All values are big-endian (PowerPC byte ordering)
Here is an explanation:
Position(in Hex) | Length (in bytes) | Description |
---|---|---|
000 | 4 | Magic bytes ('koly'). |
004 | 4 | File version (current is 4) |
008 | 4 | The length of this header, in bytes. Should be 512. |
00C | 4 | Flags. |
010 | 8 | Unknown. |
018 | 8 | Data fork offset (usually 0, beginning of file) |
020 | 8 | Size of data fork (usually up to the XMLOffset, below) |
028 | 8 | Resource fork offset, if any |
030 | 8 | Resource fork length, if any |
038 | 4 | Segment number. Usually 1, may be 0 |
03C | 4 | Segment count. Usually 1, may be 0 |
040 | 16 | 128-bit GUID identifier of segment |
050 | 4 | Data fork checksum type |
054 | 4 | Data fork checksum size |
058 | 128 | Data fork checksum |
0D8 | 8 | Offset of XML property list in DMG, from beginning |
0E0 | 8 | Length of XML property list |
0E8 | 120 | Reserved bytes |
160 | 4 | Master checksum type |
164 | 4 | Master checksum size |
168 | 128 | Master checksum |
1E8 | 4 | Unknown, commonly 1 |
1EC | 8 | Size of DMG when expanded, in sectors |
1F4 | 12 | Reserved bytes (zeroes) |
Utilities[edit]
There are few options available to extract files or mount the proprietary Apple Disk Image format. Some cross-platform conversion utilities are:
- dmg2img was originally written in Perl; however, the Perl version is no longer maintained, and the project was rewritten in C. Currently, without additional tools, the resulting images may be mounted only under Mac OS X and under Linux (provided hfsplus support has been enabled). UDIF ADC-compressed images have been supported since version 1.5.[11]
- DMGEXtractor is written in Java with GUI, and it supports more advanced features of dmg including AES-128 encrypted images but not UDCO images.[12]
- 7-Zip, including the free cross-platform port of its command-line interface, p7zip.
In Windows, most dmg images can be opened using several other programs such as UltraISO and IsoBuster. MacDrive can also mount simple dmg files as drives under windows, but not sparse disk or encrypted dmgs.[13] A free Apple DMG Disk Image Viewer also exists.[14]
In Linux and possibly other Unix flavors, most .dmg files can be burned to CD/DVD using any CD-burner program (using cdrecord directly or a front-end such as K3B or Brasero) or directly mounted to a mountpoint (e.g. mount -o loop,ro -t hfsplus imagefile.dmg /mnt/mountpoint
).[15][16] darling-dmg is a FUSE module enabling easy DMG file mounting on Linux.[17]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ abcdefg'hdiutil(1) Mac OS X Manual Page'. Archived from the original on 2016-05-14. Retrieved 2016-05-14.
- ^ ab'Mac OS X: Using Disk Copy disk image files'. Archived from the original on 2013-12-19. Retrieved 2013-04-25.
- ^
hdiutil(1)
– Darwin and macOS General Commands Manual - ^'Re: Some apps refuse to launch in 10.2.8! (OT, but very important)'. Archived from the original on 2014-01-17.
- ^'Guides'. Apple. Archived from the original on 2009-03-06. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
- ^'DART 1.5.3: Version Change History'. Archived from the original on 2013-12-19. Retrieved 2013-04-25.
- ^'Software Downloads: Formats and Common Error Messages'. Archived from the original on 2010-12-24. Retrieved 2009-05-06.
- ^'VileFault'. 2006-12-29. Archived from the original on 2007-01-09. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
- ^Michael Tsai (2015-10-07). 'LZFSE Disk Images in El Capitan'. Archived from the original on 2017-04-09. Retrieved 2017-04-09.
- ^'Demystifying the DMG File Format'. Archived from the original on 2013-03-17.
- ^'dmg2img'. Archived from the original on 29 November 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
- ^'DMGExtractor'. Archived from the original on 2011-01-02. Retrieved 2011-01-03.
- ^MacDrive Features / Boot Camp / System Requirements /. 'MacDrive Home page'. Mediafour. Archived from the original on 4 October 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
- ^Olivia Dehaviland (2015-03-03). 'Apple DMG Disk Image Viewer'. DataForensics.org. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-10.
- ^'How To Convert DMG To ISO in Windows, Linux & Mac'. Archived from the original on 2010-03-07.
- ^'Convert DMG To ISO using PowerISO'. Archived from the original on 2009-05-02. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
- ^'darling-dmg'. darling-dmg. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
External links[edit]
- Apple Developer Connection A Quick Look at PackageMaker and Installer
- O'Reilly Mac DevCenter Tip 16-5. Create a Disk Image from a Directory in the Terminal
Apple Mac OS X disk image file definition and 2 other file types and linked programs information.
File extension dmg is used by following file type(s):
file type 1 description: | |
Apple Mac OS X disk image file - common and mostly used .dmg file type | |
DMG is a mountable disk image file created in Mac OS X; opening the image file will mount a virtual disk on the Desktop; commonly used for software installers downloaded from the Internet. The DMG format replaces the .IMG file format used in Mac OS Classic and is not compatible with Mac OS 9 and earlier; DMG disk images can be opened on Macintosh computers using Apple Disk Utility, which is bundled with Mac OS X. Mime: application/x-apple-diskimage | |
Related programs that open dmg files: | Mac OS X, Daemon Tools, FreeDMG, ISOBuster, gBurner, PeaZip |
file type 2 description: | |
Oracle binary format dump file | |
This file type is used by the ORACLE Export utility and Import utility. | |
Related programs that open dmg files: | Oracle Database 11g |
On Mac the DMG format is used. The files in this format are containing folders where you can find the programs that we want to install in our team, quickly and easily. Unless you're looking for specific applications that are not available in the Mac App Store, it's unlikely you'll end up with such a file.
What is a DMG file and what is it used for?
The DMG files is the equivalent of the files in ISO format in Windows, because when you open them, a new unit is created, the unit that you have to access in order to install the corresponding file on your computer or simply move it to the applications folder . This type of file usually contains, in addition to the file that allows us to enjoy the program, a text document with a brief description or with instructions on its operation or compatibility.
How to open DMG files
DMG files are the equivalent of ISO in Windows. The files in ISO format, not only allows us to access their interior and copy them to a CD or DVD as it is, but also allow us to install or copy their content. With the files in DMG format three quarters of the same happens, since the file itself can be an installer that we unzip and point, or it can be a disk image that contains different files that have to be copied as is another file or on an external drive.
Install DMG files
Although at first it may seem that we are going to need a complicated process to open a file in DMG format, nothing is further from reality, since we only have to click twice on it to create a new unit where we will find all the content that is inside. Then just that we have to access the unit in question and execute the file so that it is installed or executed.
It is necessary to take into account the type of file that is, since in some occasions, an actual installation is not performed on our Mac, but the application only runs, so if we subsequently delete the .DMG file we will lose access to the application. In these cases, if it is an executable application, we must drag the file to the applications.
Restore content in a unit
If, on the contrary, it is an image that contains a copy of a unit, it will not help us to access the inside of the file to consult it if we are not going to be able to access the data or make use of the application. In these cases, we must use Disk Utility, with which we can select both the file in DMG format that we want to restore and the unit where we want to do it quickly and very easily.
What application do I need to open a file in DMG format?
Open DMG file
As in Windows no third-party application is required to work with files in ISO format, Mac does not need any application to work with files in DMB format, although on the Internet we can find various applications that allow us to do are not really necessary , unless we are forced to open this type of files on other platforms such as Windows or Linux, where the PeaZip application is one of the most recommended, a completely free application.
What to do if you do not open a DMG file
Since the launch of macOS Sierra, Apple has eliminated the possibility of natively installing third-party applications that have not been created by developers previously identified by Apple. If the DMG file containing the application that we want to install, shows us an error message, stating that the file may be corrupt, we must activate the possibility of activating third-party applications by entering the following line in Terminal.
OnyX 3.6.8 dmg for mac free download full version. Complete setup OnyX 3.6 offline installer for mac OS with direct link.
sudo spctl -master-disable
eye! in front of master are two dashes (- -) Next we must restart the Finder with the following command: Killall Finder
Once we have entered that command, we return to the section Security and privacy located within System preferences and Allow applications downloaded from: select Any site.
How to convert a DMG file to EXE
Dmg File Opener Windows 7
A DMG file, as I mentioned above, is a folder containing several applications, which create a unit when we open them, so it is not an executable file on Mac, therefore, we can not convert a DMG file to EXE Trying to convert a DMG file to an executable file is like converting a folder with pictures (for example) into an executable file.
How to read DMG files in Windows
If we want to access the content stored in a DMG file on a PC, in Windows we have several applications at our disposal that allow us to unzip the file to access its content. Another issue is that we can do something with the content of it. The best applications that we can find currently in the market for this work are PeaZip, 7-Zip and DMG Extractor.
Pea7Zip open DMG files in Windows
One of the best free tools to work with compressed files is PeaZip, a tool compatible with all the most used formats on the market, in addition to DMG, ISO, TAR, ARC, LHA, UDF .. The user interface is very intuitive and does not we will have no problem in making us quickly with this application to decompress from our Windows PC any file in DMG format.
DMG Extractor
DMG Extractor, as its name indicates, is an excellent application to extract the contents of files in DMG format quickly and easily. This tool is not free but for specific occasions, we can download the trial version through the following link, a version that allows us to decompress files in DMG format whose size does not exceed 4 GB.
7-Zip open DMG files in Windows
7-Zip is an excellent tool to compress and decompress any type of file on our Windows PC, a tool that is also completely free and compatible with macOS DMG files. Once we have installed the application, we just have to place it on top of the file, press the right button and select open with 7-zip to start extracting the content.
How to read DMG files in Linux
Download Dmg File Online Free
But if we want to open files in DMG format in Linux, we can use PeaZip again, the same application that we can use to decompress this type of files in Windows, an application compatible with more than 180 formats and that is also completely free.